Background:
This is the first case that the Supreme Court ever decided. The Judiciary Act of 1789 set the number of Supreme Court justices at 6. The first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court was John Jay. The associate members of the court were John Rutledge, William Cushing, John Blair, James Wilson, and James Iredell.
The oral arguments in the case were heard on August 2, 1791 and the opinion was issued August 3, 1791.
William West owed a debt and he asked the state if he could run a lottery to raise the funds to pay off the debt. Rhode Island agreed and West secured the necessary funding. A portion of the money he raised was in paper currency. Barnes argued that the payment needed to be made in gold or silver. The case was decided on a procedural issue at the Supreme Court.
Opinion:
“On the first day of the term, Bradford presented to the court, a writ, purporting to be a writ of error, issued out of the office of the clerk of the circuit court for Rhode Island district, directed to that court, and commanding a return of the judgment and proceedings rendered by them in this cause: And thereupon he moved for a rule, that the defendant rejoin to the errors assigned in this cause.
“Barnes, one of the defendants, ( a counsellor of the court) objected to the validity of the writ, that it had issued out of the wrong office: and, after argument,
“The Court were unanimously of opinion, That writs of error to remove causes to this court from inferior courts, can regularly issue only from the clerk’s office of this court.
“Motion refused.”
Great literature should do more than entertain us. It should provide a roadmap to improving our lives.
In A Tale of Two Cities, Charles Dickens introduced readers to Sydney Carton, one of literature's most compelling and deeply flawed characters. Dickens also gives him an unusual title: the Jackal.
His struggles raise questions that remain relevant today.
Are we defined by our past mistakes? Can we overcome our weaknesses? What separates the people we are from the people we could become?
Lessons From the Jackal is a 25-day character study exploring these questions through Sydney Carton’s life, decisions, relationships, and personal development.
This is not a traditional course on A Tale of Two Cities. Our reading assignments will focus specifically on Carton, with sufficient background provided to understand his story. No previous knowledge of the novel is necessary.
Each day will feature selected readings, historical comparisons, reflection questions, discussions, and practical challenges ...
What is the greatest weakness in Darnay's decision to return to France?
Sir John Franklin (1786 -1847)
In 1845, British naval officer Sir John Franklin departed England commanding an expedition to discover and navigate the Northwest Passage through the Canadian Arctic. Franklin was an experienced explorer who had previously participated in expeditions to the Arctic. His new expedition consisted of two ships, HMS Erebus and HMS Terror, and 129 officers and men.
The expedition was among the best-equipped Arctic voyages of its time. The ships carried provisions intended to last several years, and Franklin's experience gave reason for confidence in the expedition's prospects. Nevertheless, the Arctic presented dangers that could not be fully anticipated. The ships became trapped in ice in September 1846. Franklin died in June 1847, and the surviving crew eventually abandoned the vessels in April 1848. None of the 129 men returned alive.
For years, the expedition's disappearance remained one of the great mysteries of exploration. The wreck of HMS Erebus was discovered in...
