Edward Gibbon wrote:
“In the end, more than freedom, they wanted security. They wanted a comfortable life, and they lost it all – security, comfort, and freedom. When the Athenians finally wanted not to give to society but for society to give to them, when the freedom they wished for most was freedom from responsibility, then Athens ceased to be free and was never free again.”
Unlike a subject a citizen has freedoms and privileges. A citizen can own land and move about freely. A citizen can vote. There are several different types of citizens. The focus here will be on passive and active citizens.
A passive citizen is the citizen described by Gibbon above. A passive citizen looks for and expects the government to solve all problems. A passive citizen might vote but they probably don’t. Citizenship holds no particular value unless it is to receive a personal benefit at little to no cost.
An active citizen looks forward to voting and believes it is important to be informed. An active citizen believes that there are obligations that accompany citizenship. Active citizens are necessary to a thriving society. Active citizens allow the passive citizens to enjoy the benefits of citizenship without bearing any responsibility. When thinking of citizenship strive to be an active citizen.
Thomas Aquinas is credited as one of the greatest proponents of natural law. During his time in Cologne he was taught by Albertus Magnus. Magnus used the teachings of Aristotle in his mentorship of Thomas Aquinas.
Samuel Adams believed in American Independence from Great Britain. He is one of the most well know Son's of Liberty. On August 1, 1776 he gave a speech to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia.
Hefei, China Thursday 6:00AM
The rising sun was just beginning to peak over the horizon. The darkness of night was about to give way to the light of day. The sleeping city would soon be bustling with activity completely unaware of what had occurred while it slept.
Zhao Kai stood outside a small warehouse looking building. For all of the modernization that had been occurring in China this building had been skipped. At least on the outside. It appeared old and nearly abandoned but the inside told a different story. Before Kai entered the building he glanced at the rising sun. This was his favorite moment of the day. The blinding light of the sun was a weapon that he used literally.
On numerous occasions he would take a prisoner to a spot where there was an unobstructed view of the rising sun. Then he would bind them in such a way that they had to stare directly into the sun. If he did his job right they would not be able to close their eyes and would return to their prison cells blinded for life. If he didn’t just kill them. That punishment would not be on the table today but perhaps tomorrow. He liked ...
